What is computer ?
A computer is an electronic data processing device, which accepts and stores data input, processes the data input, and generates the output in a required format.
Function of a Computer:
Any digital computer carries out the following five functions −
Step 1 − Takes data as input.
Step 2 − Stores the data/instructions in its memory and uses them as required.
Step 3 − Processes the data and converts it into useful information.
Step 4 − Generates the output.
Step 5 − Controls all the above four steps.
Full form of computer hardware
CD Compact Disc
DVD Digital Versatile Disc
CRT Cathode Ray Tube
DEC Digital Equipment Corporation
SAP System Application and Products
PNG Portable Network Graphics
IP Internet Protocol
GIS Geographical Information system
DDS Digital Data Storage
CAD Computer Aided Design
ACPI Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
AGP Accelerated Graphics Port
APM Advanced Power Management
APIPA Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
HTTPS Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
GDI Graphics Device Interface
ICP Internet Cache Protocol
GIGO Garbage In Garbage Out
GMAIL Graphical Mail
CAN Campus Area Network
CAL Computer Aided Leering
RAM Random
Access Memory
ROM Read Only Memory
CPU Central Processing Unit
URL Uniform Resource Locator
USB Universal Serial Bus
VIRUS Vital Information Resource Under Siege
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
PSU Power Supply Unit
SMPS Switched-Mode
Power Supply
GPL General Public License
GCR Group Code Recording
MSN Microsoft Networks
BCC Blind Carbon Copy
VDI Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group
TPU Tensor Processing Unit
PSD Photoshop Document
DPI Dots Per Inch
FYA For Your Action
CRS Computer Reservation System
BFD Binary File Descriptor
ABR Available Bit Rate
GBPS Gigabits Per Second
PING Packet InterNet Groper
CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
AD Active Directory
ADC Analog to Digital Converter
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
CSI Common System Interface
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
LAN Local Area Network
WAN Wide Area Network
MAN Metropolitan Area Network
PAN Personal Area Network
MAC Media Access Control
OMR Optical Mark Recognition
NIC Network Interface Card
LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter
DCE Distributed Computing Environment
PFA Please Find Attached
HCI Human Computer Interaction
FHS Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
FCS Frame Check Sequence
DVE Digital Video Effects
DLL Data Link Layer
CSV Comma Separated Values
CTCP Client–to–Client Protocol
ABI Application Binary Interface
MIS Management Information System
BIOS Basic Input Output System
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
LTE Long Term Evolution
AHA Accelerated Hub Architecture
ALU Arithmetic Logical Unit
FPU Floating Point Unit
FXP File Exchange Protocol
HID Human Interface Device
IOS iPhone Operating System
PATA Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment
DDR Double Data Rate
DFS Distributed File System
MIPS Million Instructions Per Second
MMC Microsoft Management Console
VGCT Video Graphics Character Table
WBMP Wireless BitMap Image
PCM Pulse-Code Modulation
WMA Windows Media Audio
RAS Remote Access Service
HTM Hierarchical Temporal Memory
SIS Security and Intelligence Services
LBA Logical Block Addressing
CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing
MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple Output
UNIVAC Universal Automatic Computer
CIFS Common Internet File System
HAL Hardware Abstraction Layer
IPV6 Internet Protocol Version 6
CNR Communication Network Riser
EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
RPM Red-Hat Package Manager
DLT Distributed Ledger Technology
ISH Information Super Highway
BY Bronto-bytes
DTS Digital Theater System
MSB Most Significant Bit
HVD Holographic Versatile Disk
MOSFET Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
AMR Adaptive Multi-Rate
CMD Command
BCD Binary Coded Decimal
DMA Direct Memory Access
EB Exa-bytes
AVI Audio Video Interleave
WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing
RIFF Resource Interchange File Format
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
WUSB Wireless Universal Serial Bus
PLC Programmable Logic Controller
SCSI Small Computer System Interface
NVRAM Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory
BLOB Binary large Object
VPN Virtual Private Network
SFF Small Form Factor
CAI Computer–Aided Instruction
EMP Electro-Magnetic Pulse
EIDE Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
AAC Advanced Audio Codec
IIOP Internet Inter-ORB Protocol
ASL Age Sex Location
MBSA Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
ZIP Zig-zag In-line Package
HSPA High Speed Packet Access
VFS Virtual File System
SIMD Single Instruction Multiple Data
IPC Inter-Process Communication
DAC Discretionary Access Control
DKIM Domain Keys Identified Mail
WIFI Wireless Fidelity
PTP Picture Transfer Protocol
IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
HIG Human Interface Guidelines
HHD Hybrid Hard Drive
HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
AST Abstract Syntax Tree
MSD Most significant Digit
IRQ Interrupt Request
DVI Digital Visual Interface
SPARC Scalable Processor Architecture
URI Uniform Resource Identifier
EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
SAN Storage Area Network
EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
MVS Multiple Vendor System
NAS Network Attached Storage
BPS Bits Per Second
LPX Low Profile Extension
HCL Hardware Compatibility List
RTS Real Time Streaming
RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
MUI Multilingual User Interface
MFD Multi-Function Device
CISC Complex Instruction Set Computer
MBR Master Boot Record
BINAC Binary Automatic Computer
SGRAM Synchronous Graphics Random Access Memory
DLP Digital Light Processing
UEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
LLC Logical Link Control
DOC Document (Microsoft Corporation)
ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network
ACL Access Control List
RAIT Redundant Array of Inexpensive Tapes
MMX Multi-Media Extensions
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
MLI Multiple Link Interface
RIP Routing Information Protocol
AIFF Audio Interchange File Format
RMA Returned Materials Authorization
EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol
XMF Extensible Music File
MTBF Mean Time
Between Failure
MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SRAM Static Random-Access Memory
SDR Software-Defined Radio
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
VRAM Video Random Access Memory
WAP Wireless Application Protocol
TGT Ticket Granting Ticket
GIF Graphics Interchange Format
TPM Trusted Platform Module
SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
ULSI Ultra Large-Scale Integration
EIGRP Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
CDN Content Delivery Network
NMI Non-Maskable Interrupt
PPI Pixels Per Inch
RJ45 Registered Jack 45
SEC Single Edge Connector
BER Bit Error Rate
OOPS Object-Oriented Programming System
ATA Advanced Technology Attachment
RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computer
NFS Network File System
SFC System File Checker
ICR Intelligent Character Recognition
BTX Balanced Technology Extended
DOS Disk Operating System
CTS Clear
to Send
AMD Advanced Micro Devices
DVD Digital Video Disc
CD-R Compact Disk – Recordable.
BAL Basic Assembly Language
UTF Unicode Transformation Format
MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface
BAT Microsoft Batch Processing
VT Video Terminal
HP Hewlett Packard
URN Uniform Resource Name
D2D Device to Device
DSHD Double Sided High Density
FDC Floppy Disk Controller
SDN Service Delivery Network
SBU Standard Build Unit
MPL Mozilla
Public License
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
CAQA Computer–Aided Quality Assurance
ASF Advanced Systems Format
VM Virtual Machine
Mac Macintosh
OS Operating System
MNG Multiple-image Network Graphics
CD-ROM Compact Disk-Read Only Memory
MSB Most Significant Byte
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
DMI Desktop Management Interface
NTP Network Time Protocol
PINE Program for Internet News and Email
SSL Secure Sockets Layer
BCR Bar Code Reader
SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
KBPS Kilobits Per Second
TSI Time Slot Interchange
ABC Atanasoff-Berry Computer
YB Yotta Byte
ZB Zetta-bytes
WDDM Windows Display Driver Model
ZIF Zero-Insertion-Force
RDBMS Relation Database Management System
MSI Microsoft Installer
ISP Internet Service Provider
WAV Waveform Audio
TPS Transaction Per Second
ISV Independent Software Vendor
SXGA Super Extended Graphics Array
GP Graphics port
BGA Ball Grid Array
SIS Safety Instrumented System
CGI Common Gateway Interface
PDF Portable Document Format
MMU Memory Management Unit
PIC Peripheral Interface Controller
NIU Network Interface Unit
TPS Transaction Processing System
VLSI Very Large-Scale Integration
ESD Electro Static Discharge
MAPI Messaging Application Program Interface
KB Kilo-bytes
DSL Domain–Specific Language
PB Peta-bytes
NAP Network Access Point
MS-DOS Microsoft Disk Operating System
WMV Windows Media Video
MFA Multi-Factor Authentication
GUI Graphical User Interface
RIS Remote Installation Service
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ELF Executable and Linkable Format
WWAN Wireless Wide Area Network
DFD Data Flow Diagram
IRC Internet
Relay Chat
PC Personal Computer
SDL Software and Documentation Localization
WINS Windows Internet Name Service
NOS Network Operating System
UNICS UNiplexed Information Computing System
DVR Digital Video Recorder
XMS Extended Memory Specification
LSI Large-Scale Integration
STP Shielded Twisted Pair
PCB Process Control Block
AGA Advanced Graphics Architecture
HSUPA High-Speed Uplink Packet Access
ICS Internet Connection Sharing
SOA Service Oriented Architecture
WWW World Wide Web
DLL Dynamic Link Library
DAP Direct Access Protocol
WMF Windows Metafile
EVDO Evolution Data Optimized Or Evolution Data Only
FAT File Allocation Table
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
PAL Phase Alternation Line
VGA Video Graphics Array
HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface
SIMM Single In-Line Memory Module
IPX Internetwork Packet Exchange
BWF Broadcast Wave Format
CRIMM Continuity-Rambus Inline Memory Module
OOP Object Oriented programming
RTOS Real Time Operating System
DBSN Database Source Name
IHV Independent Hardware Vendor
ISR Interrupt Service Routine
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
FTP File Transfer Protocol
DRAM Dynamic Random-Access Memory
BSOD Blue Screen of Death
HTX Hyper Transport Expansion
LSTM Long Short-Term Memory
DIVX DIgital Video Express
UAC User Account Control
CASE Computer-Aided Software Engineering
HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface
VDC Video Display Controller
AVC Advanced Video Coding
CGA Color Graphics Array
DPMS Display Power Management Signaling
DBA DataBase Administrator
P2P Peer-To-Peer
MSI Medium Scale Integration
EPP Enhanced Parallel Port
EFS Encrypting File System
MHz Megahertz
WPAN Wireless Personal Area Network
CAN Controller Area Network
VDU Video Display Unit
JPG Joint Photographic Expert Group
MB Mega-bytes
ENI Elastic Network Interface
VPU Visual Processing Unit
MTP Media Transfer Protocol
MDI Multiple Document Interface
TDR Time Domain Reflectometer
WUXGA Wide Ultra Extended Graphics Array
NAP Network Access Protection
DWM Desktop Window Manager
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
PPT PowerPoint Presentation
Least Significant Byte
CCD Charged Coupled Device
VCR Video Cassette Recorder
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
XGA Extended Graphics Array
LSB Least Significant Bit
ZISC Zero Instruction Set Computer
ISA Instruction Set Architecture
HPC High-Performance Computing
MSDN Microsoft Developer Network
BPI Bytes Per Inch
SVGA Super Video Graphics Array
RDF Resource Description Framework
MFP Multi-Function Product
FCPGA Flip Chip Pin Grid Array
ASR Automated System Recovery
VAN Value-Added Network
PIO Programmed Input/Output
RGB Red, Green, Blue
FDMA Frequency-Division Multiple Access
SWF Shock Wave Flash
EOF End of File
POP Post Office Protocol
CBEMA Computer Business Equipment Manufacturers Association
GB Giga-bytes
EDP Electronic Data Processing
DIMM Dual In-Line Memory Module
VM Virtual Memory
SHDSL Single-pair High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
MBCS Multi Byte Character Set
IPV4 Internet Protocol Version 4
MCR Multivariant Curve Resolution
MTA Mail Transfer Agent
BOSS Bharat Operating System Solutions
ISC Internet Storm Center
POST Power on self-test
DTR Data Terminal Ready
SMBIOS System Management BIOS
HPFS High Performance File System
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
IIS Internet Information Services
VPG Virtual Private Gateway
CUA Common User Access
NID Network Interface Device
HDD Hard Disk Drive
IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol
VLC Video LAN Client
ERD Emergency Repair Disk
WPA Wireless Protected Access
IOS Internetwork Operating System
PKI Public key Infrastructure
UDP User Datagram Protocol
ISA Industry Standard Architecture
TPDU Transaction Protocol Data Unit
M3G Mobile 3D Graphics
DTP Desktop Publishing
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
CAE Computer–Aided Engineering
NTFS New Technology File System
FDD Floppy Disk Drive
IPP Internet Printing Protocol
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VXLAN Virtual Extensible Local Area Network
CTL Computation Tree Logic
DAT Digital Audio Tape
BiDi Bi–Directional
SVG Scalable
Vector Graphics
ECP Extended Capabilities Port
TB Tera-bytes
CMOS Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor
OCR Optical Character Reader
JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
SONET Synchronous Optical Networking
CCS Common Command Set
CUPS Common Unix Printing System
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Compute
IVR Interactive Voice Response
HTPC Home Theatre Personal Computer
HD High Definition
EVC Ethernet Virtual Circuit
NMS Network Management System
UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair-Cable
FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface
HAN Home Area Network
XMPP Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
ISCSI Internet Small Computer Storage Interface
PDP Plasma
Display Panel
VOIP Voice Over Internet Protocol
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